The legislation was prompted by a decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), which allows the district courts to examine cases of unfair terms in their own initiative. This ruling was issued following requests by EU Member States for an interpretation of the EU Directive 93/13 and whether national procedural principles may limit the powers of the national courts when assessing contractual terms which can potentially be unfair.^[1] More specifically, the issue that was examined was the following: are principles of national law that do not allow the assessment at the enforcement stage, including the enforcing court of its own motion, because of the existence of prior national judicial decisions, compatible with Directive 93/13?

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On 22 February 2021, certain provisions relating to the Central Agency for Equal Distribution of Burdens (Creation, Objects, Responsibilities, and Other Related Matters) Law of 1989 (as amended) (No. 2) (the Law) were amended resulting in the imposition of a levy amounting to 0,40% of the sale proceeds arising from all immovable property disposals in the Republic of Cyprus (the Levy). This further extended to the disposal of shares of a company owning immovable property in the Republic of Cyprus, whereby the Levy is calculated on the amount of the most recent general valuation conducted by the Department of Lands and Surveys, provided that the buyer of such shares simultaneously assumed control of the company.

The court's verdict was that there was medical negligence, due to which the plaintiff suffered an everlasting serious bodily injury but did not award damages for future wage loss.

On 14 November 2022, the Cyprus Parliament endorsed a series of amendments to the law on the Protection of Competition of 2022 (Law 13(I)/2022), on the basis of proposals from the Standing Committee on Energy, Trade, Industry and Tourism.